It’s kind of hard to believe that I belong to the same culture whose women were blessed with a pre-marriage custom, popularly known as “the Swayamvar”. Be it Indumathi, Sita and Draupathi; all they were expected to do was look pretty and walk down the aisle with a bulky garland in hand, while the prospective bridegrooms were put through various tests in order to prove their worth in the eyes of their desired princess. Now whatever happened to the after-marriage lives of some of these women (vanvaas, agni pariksha & polyandry), I shall ignore for the convenience of this post.
But as it is often said, “all good things come to an end” similarly the time-honoured practice of Swayamvar went through drastic changes, slowly and gradually tilting more and more in the favour of the opposite sex. Garlands got replaced with “chai ki thali” and instead of the man; the probable bride is the one who gets checked out by the groom and his entire khandan. The eligible bachelor has the liberty of interrogating as many potential wives before selecting the one. My cousin brother zipped through 39 finally settling down with my sister-in-law, the 40th arranged proposal on his list. Whereas for my bhabi, he was the first and the last.
And this number game according to me is quite skewed.
Today, despite an updated version of arranged marriage floating around, number game works more in favour of men. For instance, if a man goes through multiple proposals he is usually perceived as being picky (irrespective of whether he was the one rejecting or he was being rejected). You see, he is given the benefit of the doubt.
But when it comes to a marriageable age woman, it’s a completely different ball-game. A woman is expected to get hitched within the first couple of proposals that knock on her door. And God forbid if she exceeds beyond number five. Because unlike the opposite gender, she is not looked at as being choosey but rather possessing certain un-desirable traits. “Zaroor ladki main koi khot hai” and such phrases become a regular association from thereon.
With every increase in number, the groom becomes more desirable in the arranged-marriage market. On the other hand for the bride-to-be this increase only amounts to more pressure from the society, relatives and her very own.
Ironic isn’t it? In comparison to the good-old Swayamvar days, wherein the woman had an upper hand and could well afford to be choosy, today she completely lacks the liberty to reject suitors in quick succession without having her character crucified. Whereas a man can go ‘shopping’ for his bride without any sense of urgency, the woman must sit demurely on display, and wait to be picked. No wonder it’s called the marriage market.







Comments
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SHANTANU
Jun 20th, 2008 at 8:58 am | #
Re: prospective bridegrooms were put through various tests in order to prove their worth…. some would say, the men are finally getting even!
But seriously, things are a-changing. For every example of this tradition, there are examples of girls taking charge of who they marry (and their parents empower them too). Unfortunately, change takes time. Also, the ones who can bring about the most change are girls who are educated and work (so they can be financially independent and therefore cannot be easily coerced).
Vivek
Jun 20th, 2008 at 11:42 am | #
In comparison to the good-old Swayamvar days, wherein the woman had an upper hand and could well afford to be choosy, today she completely lacks the liberty to reject suitors in quick succession without having her character crucified.
The *woman* did not have the upper hand, it was the *princess* who did
I doubt if womenfolk in general were having swayamvars in the good old days.
Modern day princesses continue to have that upper hand, IMO.
moallif
Jun 20th, 2008 at 2:04 pm | #
Marriage is a social institution and it is meant to uphold the social and economic structures that define society. Back in the ‘swayamvar days’, it was meant to uphold political structures too – form political alliances and join kingdoms. The similarity between then and now is that the femal body continues to remain an effective tool to maintain social structures. It was as much a market then, as it is now. The only difference is that the semblance of choice that the swayamvar offered has been taken away. And this is a society that is apparently ‘modern’.
Lekhni
Jun 20th, 2008 at 2:15 pm | #
Even in the swayamvars, I thought the princesses’ hands were pretty much tied. There were always some choices that were not allowed (like Prithviraj Chauhan). In many cases, princesses had to marry the prince who passed a test that she may or may not have specified – like Rama breaking Shiva’s bow. What if Ravana had come in and broken it instead?
Checking out 40 women before marrying one seems highly excessive.. did he actually meet 40 women, or are you including proposals that fizzled before a meeting stage?
It’s true, the arranged marriage process is skewed in many ways, and it’s quite a shock to find that even while so many things have changed, people’s behavior and attitudes about the marriage process has not changed
fas
Jun 20th, 2008 at 7:18 pm | #
Sakshi are you married, you know so much about marriage?
Saakshi O. Juneja
Jun 21st, 2008 at 5:30 am | #
Vivek : Agreed, only the women belonging to the upper strata of the society were having swayamvars, still this does not take away the fact that at least some womenfolk were given the right to choose/to reject. Their character was never questioned.
Whereas today, though upper-class society women enjoy all sorts of materialistic pleasures I really wonder how much of their personal rights do they really put in action. As for modern day princess – their personal choices are thrashed on daily basis via Page 3 gossip sections.
Shantanu : True dat. However call me cynical if you may but education doesn’t always guarantee freedom.
Lekhni : Yes, 40 face-to-face meetings.
As for Ravana, well I never found his character to be flawed. He may have been egoistic and arrogant at times but Sita would have surely been better off with him.
fas : Thankfully not as yet.